If you download Pathfinder you can install it without a key and use it just to transfer the data off the device. All the other tools are disabled but you can at least get the data you need.
If that's not an option you can pull the files manually but you'll need Pathfinder eventually to recombine them into SSF files that you can export/use elsewhere.
When you open a new rover file in TerraSync on the GPS make sure you set the save location to the SD Card, NOT Main Memory. If the deed is already done and the data is already on the unit you'll have to connect to the unit and go looking for the files, I haven't had great luck with this approach.
Then, go about collecting your data as you normally would.
When you want to transfer the data off the unit take the SD card out of the unit and connect it to the computer using a card-reader or something like that.
There should be a whole bunch of files in the SD drive, those are the files that TerraSync combines and downloads as an SSF file when you use Pathfinder, so, just grab them and move them onto your computer.
You can then put those files on the USB key, an email, whatever, and send them off to your colleague.