Khibma has it right - the composite locator file will be copied anyway to the server. This is the message you will get when analyzing the locator publishing either from ArcMap or from ArcCatalog.
I had problems publishing a composite locator myself but only when trying to publish a locator that is composed of a couple online geocode services (not your case, since you have only local data). One thing to try is to use ArcGIS Administrator API call (not sure if you have already tried that or you always use ArcGIS Desktop GUI for publishing).
- Copy the composite locator and all other participating locators to the ArcGIS Server computer
- Open your ArcGIS Server Administrator page (
http://machinename:6080/arcgis/admin - if you use standard port) on the server computer and then log in using the admin username and the password.
- Click Services > createService
- Paste the code into the text box. You need to change "serviceName", "locator", and "locatorWorkspacePath"; ServiceName = name of your service that will be created, Locator = name of locator file on disk (without extention), LocatorWorkspacePath = location on disk on the ArcGIS Server machine where the locator file itself is stored (include geodatabase name if needed or just specify the folder).
{
"serviceName": "LocatorName",
"type": "GeocodeServer",
"description": "",
"capabilities": "Geocode,ReverseGeocode",
"clusterName": "default",
"minInstancesPerNode": 1,
"maxInstancesPerNode": 1,
"instancesPerContainer": 1,
"maxWaitTime": 60,
"maxStartupTime": 300,
"maxIdleTime": 1800,
"maxUsageTime": 600,
"loadBalancing": "ROUND_ROBIN",
"isolationLevel": "HIGH",
"configuredState": "STARTED",
"recycleInterval": 24,
"recycleStartTime": "00:00",
"keepAliveInterval": 1800,
"private": false,
"isDefault": false,
"maxUploadFileSize": 0,
"allowedUploadFileTypes": "",
"properties": {
"outputDir": "C:\arcgisserver\directories\arcgisoutput",
"virtualOutputDir": "/rest/directories/arcgisoutput",
"locator": "LocatorFileName",
"suggestedBatchSize": "1000",
"minScale": "-1",
"textAntialiasingMode": "Force",
"antialiasingMode": "None",
"maxScale": "-1",
"maxResultSize": "500",
"locatorWorkspacePath": "D:\Data\",
"maxBatchSize": "1000"
},
"extensions": [],
"datasets": []
}
More information on ArcGIS Administrator API for publishing a service and setting its parameters.