Germán Carrillo'sGermán Carrillo's answer is the most convenient. A possible alternative (if you're stuck with QGIS 2.8) could be to:
Use a string which allows the user to enter the units they want to use:
##units=string mm if units == 'mm': # Do something elif units == 'cm': # Do something elif units == 'm': # Do something
Or use three boolean checkboxes:
##Millimeter=boolean ##Centimeter=boolean ##Meter=boolean if Millimeter == True: # Do something elif Centimeter == True: # Do something elif Meter == True: # Do something