I found that you can override apiAPI defaults using the config module described in the documentation.
import esriConfig from "@arcgis/core/config";
esriConfig.geometryServiceUrl = "https://utility.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Geometry/GeometryServer";
I would recommend setting fontsUrl too.
esriConfig.fontsUrl = "https://myserver.com/fonts";