The WKT definition you give corresponds to this proj.4 definition:
+proj=lcc +lat_1=31.41666666666667 +lat_2=34.28333333333333 +lat_0=30.25 +lon_0=-83.5 +x_0=200000 +y_0=0 +datum=NAD83 +units=us-ft +no_defs
To proof it, put it into a text file and run gdalsrsinfo on it:
PROJCS["unnamed",
GEOGCS["NAD83",
DATUM["North_American_Datum_1983",
SPHEROID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
AUTHORITY["EPSG","7019"]],
TOWGS84[0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
AUTHORITY["EPSG","6269"]],
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],
UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,
AUTHORITY["EPSG","9108"]],
AUTHORITY["EPSG","4269"]],
PROJECTION["Lambert_Conformal_Conic_2SP"],
PARAMETER["standard_parallel_1",31.41666666666667],
PARAMETER["standard_parallel_2",34.28333333333333],
PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",30.25],
PARAMETER["central_meridian",-83.5],
PARAMETER["false_easting",656166.6666666667],
PARAMETER["false_northing",0],
UNIT["Foot_US",0.3048006096012192]]
Apart from some differences in the naming of the projection, note that the false easting is defined once in us-ft and once in meters.
There does not have to be a EPSG code for it, every map designer is free to choose the map parameters as he likes.
Usally, the transverse mercator CRS is used for the official state plane CRS in Georgia.
BTW you may find the projection inside https://github.com/ViceIce/DotSpatial/blob/master/DotSpatial.Projections/ProjectedCategories/StateSystems.cs and http://osgeo-org.1560.x6.nabble.com/Convert-X-and-Y-to-Lat-and-Lon-td3842165.html, but without the false Easting. You may find that also in this official document:
https://www.georgiaspatial.org/sites/default/files/GA_GIS_StdsGuidelines.pdf
You can put the proj.4 string into a text file named ge.prj, and reproject vector data with
ogr2ogr -s_srs ge.prj -t_srs epsg:4269 georgia-nad83.shp georgia-lambert.shp