There's no way to do it in the GUI, but a little bit of PyQGIS will get you there:
from PyQt4.QtCore import QLineF
#get composition
c = iface.activeComposers()[0].composition()
margin = 10.0
#top guide
c.addSnapLine().setLine( QLineF( 0, margin, c.paperWidth(), margin))
#bottom guide
c.addSnapLine().setLine( QLineF( 0, c.paperHeight() - margin, c.paperWidth(), c.paperHeight() - margin))
#left guide
c.addSnapLine().setLine( QLineF( margin, 0, margin, c.paperHeight() ))
#right guide
c.addSnapLine().setLine( QLineF( c.paperWidth() - margin, 0, c.paperWidth() - margin, c.paperHeight()))
Note that if you have more than one composer you'll need to modify the c = iface.activeComposers()[0].composition()
line to reflect the correct composer number (eg activeComposers()[1]
,...)