A google on "ArcGIS READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION" returned a "What's new in ArcMap" 10.4 documentation reference. In the Geodata section it states (third bullet, emphasis mine):
Beginning with ArcGIS 10.4, geodatabases in SQL Server require the SQL
Server database options READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT and
ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION be set to ON. When you upgrade your
geodatabase in SQL Server, the Upgrade Geodatabase tool sets these in
the database. When you create a geodatabase in SQL Server using the
Create Enterprise Geodatabase tool, the tool sets these options in the
database. If you use the Enable Enterprise Geodatabase tool to create
a geodatabase, you must either set these options to ON in the database
before you run the tool, or grant the geodatabase administrator the
permission to ALTER the database. If the geodatabase administrator has
ALTER database permission, the Enable Enterprise Geodatabase sets
READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT and ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION to ON in the
database.
To use ArcGIS 10.4 with SQL Server databases or 10.3.1 or earlier
release geodatabases, you must manually set on READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT
in the database.