I am reading about the working principles and applications of hyperspectral imaging (HSI). In this link, the uses of HSI over the range of the wavelength, from visible to longwave infrared have been summarized by the picture below.
My question is, is there an equation that relates the chemical composition / color / etc of a material to its hyperspectral signature ?
For example, I read that water is transparent to visible light, but it absorbs strongly at wavelengths of 1450 and 1900 nm so I know if I want to detect water in my project then i obviously should not use those wavelengths. Is there an equation that tells me the absorption strength of certain chemical compounds at different wavelengths ?