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I want to convert a raster file (100x100m pixel size) which contains population counts as pixel values. I need a vector based file of the 100x100m grids and the population as attributes.
I tried different conversion methods in QGIS, but there will always be pixels merged together.
Is there a way to create a vector grid and assign the raster values to them?
Yet another option would be SAGA Raster values to points tool (QGIS Processing Toolbox | SAGA | Vector <-> raster).
Choose [1] cells as Type option.
SAGA - Raster values to points
note white moth-eaten appearance, which is nodata holes.
It was not clear what particular tools you have already tried, but one of them might have been GRASS r.to.vect tool (Type: area), which yields something like you have described:
GRASS - r.to.vect
note internal nodata cells are treated as independent parts by GRASS
Alternatively you can do it directly with OpenJUMP Plus. Open your raster as a Sextante raster layer and use this tool
As a result you'll get a polygon layer that contains the pixel values as attributes. The other option "Create Lattice" creates points instead of polygons. In the image below blue rectangles are the generated polygons and attribute info is shown from the two selected and highlighted polygons.
