How to view or import a pbf file (OSM data,binary format) in ArcGIS Desktop or QGIS?
Are any 3rd party applications needed?
I would like to edit this file on any GIS Software.
The ArcGIS Editor for OSM (https://github.com/Esri/arcgis-osm-editor) should allow you to do what you want to do. Data is downloaded via the Xapi.
QGIS has an OpenStreetMap Plugin: http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/QGIS_OSM_Plugin
I have only used the QGIS plugin, and it worked well.
I tried using GDAL, but this is difficult for non-programmers.
This option is way more efficient and easy: http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Osmconvert
You can convert the file to an .osm, which can be opened through the ArcGIS for OSM tool.