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I want to crop a raster based on another one, inside a loop. I created a mask (MASK) and then cropped the old raster (old), creating a new raster (new).

r.mask vector=EU@PERMANENT #my mask 
r.mapcalc "new = old" 

For a single raster, it works. However, I have many old rasters, and I want to create a loop. I tried this:

for i in `cat /myPath/myRasters.txt | tr -d '\r'`
do
echo SET REGION 
g.region vector=EU@PERMANENT
echo CREATE A MASK 
r.mask --o vector=EU@PERMANENT  
echo CROP $i RASTER 
r.mapcalc "$i'_new' = $i'_old'"
r.mask -r 
done 

I can see the problem is in the syntax used, as I get this ERROR message after echo CROP $i RASTER:

syntax error, unexpected STRING, expecting '('

I tried also to use r.mapcalc with:

"$i'_new' = $i'_old'"
'$i'_new' = $i'_old''
"${i}'_new' = ${i}'_old'"
"$i'_new' = if(MASK,$i'_old')"

this last one following r.mapcalc manual page ( https://grass.osgeo.org/grass82/manuals/r.mapcalc.html ), where it says

To mask raster map layer b by raster map layer a:
result = if(a,b)

and this: https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Cropping_maps

But nothing works. Previous similar questions (e.g., Loop using variable - r.mapcalc GRASS GIS ) didnt' help. I am using GRASS 7.8.6 on Ubuntu 18.04.6 (from remote, I have Windows 10).

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  • First, do you really have a GRASS vector named "EU@PERMANENT" ?? That's a strange name for a vector! In GRASS the word PERMANENT is reserved for the default mapset in a location. I would avoid naming GRASS maps like that.
    – Micha
    Jul 9, 2022 at 18:25
  • Second, I think this can be easier than you have made it. Can we see the contents of /myPath/myRasters.txt??
    – Micha
    Jul 9, 2022 at 18:26
  • Dear Micha, no, the vector name's just EU, I can also write vector=EU, correct? The file myRasters contains, in each row, the name of each raster as it is loaded in my current mapset (e.g., raster_1, raster_2, and so on), while the file itself would be raster_1.tiff (or raster_1.img), and so on. The file myRasters.txt has correct endings (I checked it with cat -v) and has a last blank row.
    – LT17
    Jul 10, 2022 at 12:06
  • Be sure to quote the echo commands: echo CROP $i RASTER --> echo "CROP $i RASTER".
    – markusN
    Jul 10, 2022 at 22:18
  • Also: r.mapcalc "$i'_new' = $i'_old'" --> r.mapcalc "${i}_new = ${i}_old" (the curly braces are enough, no need for single quotes).
    – markusN
    Jul 10, 2022 at 22:20

1 Answer 1

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Following your answer in the comments, you have a text file with the raster names listed, row by row. So:

# Set region and mask once. No need to do this in the loop
echo "SET REGION" 
g.region vector=EU
echo "CREATE A MASK"
r.mask --o vector=EU

while read i; echo "CROP ${i}"; r.mapcalc "${i}_new = ${i}"; done < /myPath/myRasters.txt

r.mask -r   

That should do it.

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