Simplify multipolygon removing small gaps in PostGIS

Question

Is there a way to simplify multipolygon by removing small gaps in PostGIS? Example:

Original:

Simplified:

It could also simplify the shape as ST_Simplify does but in addition it should remove small gaps between parts of the multipolygon.

Answer 1

In the upcoming PostGIS 3.3 ST_ConcaveHull has been enhanced so that it respects boundaries when polygons are provided as input. So for this case you should be able to simply create a concave hull around the input, with a suitable concaveness parameter.

The result should look something like this:

See also this blog post on the Concave Hull of Polygons algorithm.

Answer 2

Join the layer to itself by distance, snap and union:

WITH clusters 
  AS(select st_clusterdbscan(geom, 0, 2) over() cluster_id, geom 
  from 
    (select a.id as aid, case when a.geom is not null and b.geom is not null then st_snap(a.geom, b.geom, 500) else a.geom end as geom
    from public.polywithgaps a
    left join public.polywithgaps b
    on st_dwithin(a.geom, b.geom, 500) --Change 500 to the distance you want to snap
    and a.id<b.id) sub)
    
select st_union(geom) geom from clusters
where cluster_id is not null
group by cluster_id
union
select geom from clusters where cluster_id is null

Answer 3

How about customizable buffering.

Configure and run this SQL script:

SELECT ST_Buffer((ST_Dump((ST_Union(ST_Buffer((geom),0.1, 'side=left join=mitre'))))).geom,-0.1,'side=left join=mitre') geom FROM <sourse_table>

You should get a result like in my image.

Fun original geospatial solutions...