When importing a style via SLD in GeoServer and previewing it, there is an issue with the Chinese legend names displaying as garbled characters

Question

When I use an SLD file exported from QGIS to create a new style in GeoServer and then preview the style, there is an issue with the legend name displaying as garbled characters. QGIS windows as follows.

The appearance after importing into GeoServer is as follows (I simplified the SLD for a complete view).

However, when I open the WMS service in ArcGIS Pro, the legend display is normal, as shown in the following image. I would like to know why the Chinese labels for the symbol system are garbled during preview, but the legend in the service appears normal. SLD content follows

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<StyledLayerDescriptor xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/sld" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.opengis.net/sld http://schemas.opengis.net/sld/1.1.0/StyledLayerDescriptor.xsd" version="1.1.0" xmlns:se="http://www.opengis.net/se" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <NamedLayer>
    <se:Name>样式测试</se:Name>
    <UserStyle>
      <se:Name>样式测试</se:Name>
      <se:FeatureTypeStyle>
        <se:Rule>
          <se:Name>冰川及永久积雪</se:Name>
          <se:Description>
            <se:Title>冰川及永久积雪</se:Title>
          </se:Description>
          <ogc:Filter xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc">
            <ogc:PropertyIsEqualTo>
              <ogc:PropertyName>ejlmc</ogc:PropertyName>
              <ogc:Literal>冰川及永久积雪</ogc:Literal>
            </ogc:PropertyIsEqualTo>
          </ogc:Filter>
          <se:PolygonSymbolizer>
            <se:Fill>
              <se:SvgParameter name="fill">#d7191c</se:SvgParameter>
            </se:Fill>
            <se:Stroke>
              <se:SvgParameter name="stroke">#232323</se:SvgParameter>
              <se:SvgParameter name="stroke-width">1</se:SvgParameter>
              <se:SvgParameter name="stroke-linejoin">bevel</se:SvgParameter>
            </se:Stroke>
          </se:PolygonSymbolizer>
        </se:Rule>
      </se:FeatureTypeStyle>
    </UserStyle>
  </NamedLayer>
</StyledLayerDescriptor>

Answer 1

The problem seems to be that your system is running with a default encoding that is not UTF-8 but that QGIS saves the file with a UTF-8 encoding. So GeoServer uses the default encoding and not the UTF-8 that QGIS intended.

I changed the encoding of the Windows system to UTF-8, and now Chinese characters display correctly. However, this configuration currently affects the usage of other software. For example, when I create a Chinese folder in NFS without configuring UTF-8, it displays as garbled text.

The solution is to configure QGIS to use your default encoding or convert the file to UTF-8 before uploading it.

Answer 2

Thanks for Ian Turton's response, here I'd like to add how to modify the encoding on a Windows system. The specific steps are as follows: Control Panel -> Clock and Region -> Region -> Administrative -> Change system locale... -> Check 'Beta... UTF-8...' as shown in the screenshot below.