I am querying a list of the worlds parks with something like this query:
http://api.geonames.org/search?featureCode=PRK&maxRows=10&username=demo
but is it possible to query for the type of park it is (county/national/state/city) or also to break it down by state and country, or just query within one country?
Is that asking too much or is that possible to do with that API? How could I get those values? And how do I get the total number of parks they have?
The API supports querying by country by adding the country parameter, which accepts an ISO-3166 formatted name, e.g.
http://api.geonames.org/search?featureCode=PRK&maxRows=10&username=demo&country=US
You can similarly restrict it by state by using adminCode{1-3}, where that data is available. For the 'type' of park you'll likely hit semantic issues: the distinctions you listed hold for the US, but how parks are divided up isn't done consistently between countries, and what defines a park may vary greatly. You can probably figure it out fairly quickly without going too far down the semantics path, I'd start with passing style=full to the end of your query which will give you many additional fields, this in conjunction with Wikipedia top-level 'List of parks in ...' queries should get you pretty far along.
