If you type in the Python Console these **help** commands:

    help(processing.getObject)
    Help on function getObject in module processing.tools.dataobjects:
    
    getObject(uriorname)

    help(QgsVectorLayer.select)
    Help on built-in function select:
    
    select(...)
        QgsVectorLayer.select(QgsRectangle, bool)
        QgsVectorLayer.select(int)
        QgsVectorLayer.select(unknown-type)
    
    help(QgsVectorLayer.selectedFeatures)
    Help on built-in function selectedFeatures:
    
    selectedFeatures(...)
        QgsVectorLayer.selectedFeatures() -> list-of-QgsFeature

You can observe that if your 'uiorname' is correct you should first select the features with 'select'.

This code works well in my system:

    import processing
    from qgis.core import * 
    vlayer = processing.getObject('/home/zeito/pyqgis_data/world_borders.shp')
                
    list=[501, 967, 3171]
                
    for item in list:
        vlayer.select(item)
            
    selected_objects = vlayer.selectedFeatures()
    
    print selected_objects

for this shapefile with selected features by index 501, 967 and 3171:

![enter image description here][1]


  [1]: https://i.sstatic.net/wT193.png

where printed references to selected features objects were:

    execfile(u'/home/zeito/scriptspyqgis/selected.py'.encode('UTF-8'))
    [<qgis._core.QgsFeature object at 0xc6f2b6c>, <qgis._core.QgsFeature object at 0xc6f2a94>, 
    <qgis._core.QgsFeature object at 0xc6f2a4c>]