**Goal**: I would like to know the [NUTS region][1] (2016 version) of points in Europe.

**Method**: (1) Download the [official geodata][2] from Eurostat, (2) Use `st_join` from `sf` with `R`.

**Problem**: I've updated `sf`, now using v1.0. [Now that it uses S2 geometry][3], I have an error message:

    Error in s2_geography_from_wkb(x, oriented = oriented, check = check) : 
      Evaluation error: Found 2 features with invalid spherical geometry.
    [821] Loop 0 is not valid: Edge 299 crosses edge 301
    [1102] Loop 0 is not valid: Edge 575 has duplicate vertex with edge 579.

Note that it was not generating an error before the update of `sf`.

**Part of a solution**: I've used `st_make_valid`. Now I have a shorter error message:

    Error in s2_geography_from_wkb(x, oriented = oriented, check = check) : 
      Evaluation error: Found 1 feature with invalid spherical geometry.
    [821] Loop 0 is not valid: Edge 299 crosses edge 301.

**Minimal example**:

    library(sf)
    path_to_shape_file_NUTS = "NUTS_RG_01M_2016_4326_LEVL_3.shp"
    shape_file_NUTS_WGS84 = st_make_valid(st_read(path_to_shape_file_NUTS, quiet=TRUE))
    y_coord <- c(46.976, 46.948)
    x_coord <- c(7.483, 7.45)
    coordinates_as_df <- data.frame(x_coord, y_coord)
    coordinates_WGS84 <- st_as_sf(x = coordinates_as_df, 
                                      coords = c("x_coord", "y_coord"), 
                                      crs = 4326)
    overlay <- st_join(coordinates_WGS84, shape_file_NUTS_WGS84, join=st_intersects)
    print(overlay)

You should be able to get the shapefile using this [link][2], then opening the zip file "NUTS_RG_01M_2016_4326_LEVL_3.shp.zip" in the zip file.

**My question**: How to get rid of the error message and get the NUTS region?

  [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomenclature_of_Territorial_Units_for_Statistics
  [2]: https://gisco-services.ec.europa.eu/distribution/v2/nuts/download/ref-nuts-2016-01m.shp.zip
  [3]: https://github.com/r-spatial/sf/issues/1649