The OGR Simple Features Library is a C++ open source library (and command line tools) providing access to vector file formats.
"The OGR Simple Features Library is a C++ open source library (and command line tools) providing read (and sometimes write) access to a variety of vector file formats. including ESRI Shapefiles, S-57, SDTS, PostGIS, Oracle Spatial, and Mapinfo mid/mif and TAB formats."