Convert Sentinel-5P netCDF O3_TCL (Tropospheric Ozone) subdataset to GeoTiff by GDAL?

Question

I've used these steps below to extract the subdataset of Sentinel-5P netCDF file:

First, extract the latitude and longitude variables as geolocation arrays

gdal_translate -of VRT HDF5:"S5P_OFFL_L2__AER_AI_20190101T013729_20190101T031859_06309_01_010202_20190107T010005.nc"://PRODUCT/latitude lat.vrt
gdal_translate -of VRT HDF5:"S5P_OFFL_L2__AER_AI_20190101T013729_20190101T031859_06309_01_010202_20190107T010005.nc"://PRODUCT/longitude lon.vrt

And create a customized VRT file for a subdataset

<VRTDataset rasterXSize="450" rasterYSize="3245">

lon.vrt 1 lat.vrt 1 0 0 1 1

<SimpleSource>
  <SourceFilename relativeToVRT="1">HDF5:S5P_OFFL_L2__AER_AI_20190101T013729_20190101T031859_06309_01_010202_20190107T010005.nc://PRODUCT/aerosol_index_340_380</SourceFilename>
  <SourceBand>1</SourceBand>
  <SourceProperties RasterXSize="450" RasterYSize="3245" DataType="Float32"/>
  <SrcRect xOff="0" yOff="0" xSize="450" ySize="3245" />
  <DstRect xOff="0" yOff="0" xSize="450" ySize="3245" />
</SimpleSource>

Then, project the subdataset to GeoTIFF

 gdalwarp -geoloc -t_srs EPSG:4326 -srcnodata 9.96921e+36f aerosol_index_340_380.vrt aerosol_index_340_380.tif -tr 0.069 0.069 -tap

The problem is this O3_TCL (Tropospheric Ozone) (e.g: file name: S5P_OFFL_L2__O3_TCL_20190101T120803_20190107T125357_06315_01_010105_20190115T235953.nc) data doesn't have latitude and longitude variables.

Does anyone know how to process this data to GeoTiff?

Below is what it looks like when I open with Panoly software

It has these values for lat and long variables:

float latitude_ccd(latitude_ccd=80);
  :_FillValue = 9.96921E36f; // float
  :long_name = "pixel center latitude for CCD data";
  :units = "degrees_north";
  :standard_name = "latitude";
  :valid_min = -20.0f; // float
  :valid_max = 20.0f; // float
  :_ChunkSizes = 80U; // uint

float latitude_csa(latitude_csa=8);
  :_FillValue = 9.96921E36f; // float
  :long_name = "latitude center for CSA data";
  :units = "degrees_north";
  :standard_name = "latitude";
  :valid_min = -20.0f; // float
  :valid_max = 20.0f; // float
  :_ChunkSizes = 8U; // uint

float longitude_ccd(longitude_ccd=360);
  :_FillValue = 9.96921E36f; // float
  :long_name = "pixel center longitude for CCD data";
  :units = "degrees_east";
  :standard_name = "longitude";
  :valid_min = -180.0f; // float
  :valid_max = 180.0f; // float
  :_ChunkSizes = 360U; // uint

float longitude_csa(longitude_csa=18);
  :_FillValue = 9.96921E36f; // float
  :long_name = "longitude center for CSA data";
  :units = "degrees_east";
  :standard_name = "longitude";
  :valid_min = -180.0f; // float
  :valid_max = 180.0f; // float
  :_ChunkSizes = 18U; // uint

Answer 1

At the risk of being redundant. netCDF files contain dimensions and then data stored in matrices controlled by these dimensions. Would you please add to the Questions the dimensions of the file?

My guess is that there will be lat and on dimensions and based on the geographical extent of the file you should be able to calculate the size of each cell.

Answer 2

You have two sets of latitude and longitude value arrays. I don't know which one you need, but I'm guessing that either you know which one it is from the metadata, or you maybe guess it from the shape of these arrays and the shape of your target variable.

At any rate, assume you want to use the _csa parameters, just edit your gdal_translate to

gdal_translate -of VRT 'HDF5:"S5P_OFFL_L2__AER_AI_20190101T013729_20190101T031859_06309_01_010202_20190107T010005.nc"://PRODUCT/latitude_csa' lat.vrt
gdal_translate -of VRT 'HDF5:"S5P_OFFL_L2__AER_AI_20190101T013729_20190101T031859_06309_01_010202_20190107T010005.nc"://PRODUCT/longitude_csa' lon.vrt