Adding shapefile or feature class as layer in ArcMap using ArcPy

Question

I am trying to automate various tasks in ArcGIS Desktop (using ArcMap generally) with Python, and I keep needing a way to add a shapefile to the current map. (And then do stuff to it, but that's another story).

The best I can do so far is to add a layer file to the current map, using the following ("addLayer" is a layer file object):

def AddLayerFromLayerFile(addLayer):
 import arcpy
 mxd = arcpy.mapping.MapDocument("CURRENT")
 df = arcpy.mapping.ListDataFrames(mxd, "Layers")[0]
 arcpy.mapping.AddLayer(df, addLayer, "AUTO_ARRANGE")
 arcpy.RefreshActiveView()
 arcpy.RefreshTOC()
 del mxd, df, addLayer

However, my raw data is always going be shapefiles, so I need to be able to open them. (Equivalently: convert a shapefile to a layer file without opening it, but I'd prefer not to do that).

Answer 1

Here's what I found worked:

import arcpy
from arcpy import env

# get the map document
mxd = arcpy.mapping.MapDocument("CURRENT")

# get the data frame
df = arcpy.mapping.ListDataFrames(mxd,"*")[0]

# create a new layer
newlayer = arcpy.mapping.Layer(path_to_shapefile_or_feature_class)

# add the layer to the map at the bottom of the TOC in data frame 0
arcpy.mapping.AddLayer(df, newlayer,"BOTTOM")

The dataframe (variable df) that this code will put the new layer into is the first dataframe in the map document. Also note that this code adds the data as a new layer at the bottom of the TOC. You can also use the other arrangement options, which are "AUTO_ARRANGE" and "TOP".

Answer 2

Make Feature Layer (Data Management) http://help.arcgis.com/en/arcgisdesktop/10.0/help/index.html#//00170000006p000000.htm

I just tried it in the Python window of ArcMap and it adds directly to my map ( I didn't have to get my dataframe and call AddLayer).

arcpy.MakeFeatureLayer_management('r:/temp/a.shp','test')