Your proj4 string lacks a +datum parameter, and PROJ is warning you.
To remove the warning, add a +datum parameter with the correct datum that the data was defined as.
This is likely to be WGS84 or NAD83, which are very similar, or unlikely to be NAD27 which is old but does give different results from the others.
I replicate your error:
LCC <- CRS("+proj=lcc +lat_1=49 +lat_2=77 +lat_0=0 +lon_0=-95 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +ellps=GRS80 +units=m +no_defs")
## Warning message:
## In showSRID(uprojargs, format = "PROJ", multiline = "NO", prefer_proj = prefer_proj) :
## Discarded datum Unknown based on GRS80 ellipsoid in CRS definition
and I can construct three other CRS objects with the three datums and these don't generate the error (if you can't see the difference in these strings, check its not scrolled off the right of your screen...)
LCC84 <- CRS("+proj=lcc +lat_1=49 +lat_2=77 +lat_0=0 +lon_0=-95 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +ellps=GRS80 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs")
LCC83 <- CRS("+proj=lcc +lat_1=49 +lat_2=77 +lat_0=0 +lon_0=-95 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +ellps=GRS80 +datum=NAD83 +units=m +no_defs")
LCC27 <- CRS("+proj=lcc +lat_1=49 +lat_2=77 +lat_0=0 +lon_0=-95 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +ellps=GRS80 +datum=NAD27 +units=m +no_defs")
As a test (and there's probably better ways of doing this) I'll generate some lat-long points in EPSG:4326 and see where they end up when transformed with these CRS.
> pts = data.frame(x=1:20, y=1:20, z=LETTERS[1:20])
> coordinates(pts) = ~x+y
> proj4string(pts)="+init=epsg:4326"
now transform those points using the four different CRS, and get the x-y points as a matrix:
> xydef = coordinates(spTransform(pts, LCC))
> xy84 = coordinates(spTransform(pts, LCC84))
> xy83 = coordinates(spTransform(pts, LCC83))
> xy27 = coordinates(spTransform(pts, LCC27))
The default datum appears to be NAD83, based on this:
> all(xydef == xy83)
[1] TRUE
The difference between this and the WGS84 datum is small - these are metres:
> xydef - xy84
x y
1 -1.375843e-04 -0.0001334306
2 -1.300666e-04 -0.0001359694
3 -1.227129e-04 -0.0001382660
4 -1.155287e-04 -0.0001403205
5 -1.085084e-04 -0.0001421534
6 -1.016594e-04 -0.0001437627
but the NAD27 datum is very different, a few hundred metres:
> xydef - xy27
x y
1 191.783605 187.6420
2 176.501677 191.4228
3 161.595454 194.7053
4 147.070099 197.5092
5 132.930356 199.8542
6 119.180556 201.7600
7 105.824604 203.2458
8 92.865987 204.3309
So the answer is: 1. add the +datum= to your projection strings, 2. use the correct datum (probably NAD83 or WGS84, either won't matter much, alternates like NAD27 unlikely, check the source), 3. use the sf package and write your projections as WKT (its the default) instead of proj strings.
