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52 votes
Accepted

How to polygonize raster to shapely polygons

Use rasterio of Sean Gillies. It can be easily combined with Fiona (read and write shapefiles) and shapely of the same author. In the script rasterio_polygonize.py the beginning is import rasterio ...
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37 votes
Accepted

Welding individual line segments into one LineString using Shapely

You can use shapely's ops.linemerge to accomplish this: from shapely import geometry, ops # create three lines line_a = geometry.LineString([[0,0], [1,1]]) line_b = geometry.LineString([[1,1], [1,0]]...
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33 votes
Accepted

Check if a point falls within a multipolygon with Python

Shapefiles have no type MultiPolygon (type = Polygon), but they support them anyway (all rings are stored in one feature = list of polygons, look at Converting huge multipolygon to polygons) The ...
  • 53.4k
32 votes

Returning lat and long of centroid point with GeoPandas

Ran into this problem myself. If you want the x and y as separate GeoDataFrame columns, then this works nicely: gdf["x"] = gdf.centroid.map(lambda p: p.x) gdf["y"] = gdf.centroid.map(lambda p: p.y) ...
30 votes
Accepted

Calculating area in km² for Polygon in WKT using Python

It wasn't readily apparent to me how to use @sgillies answer, so here is a more verbose version: import pyproj import shapely import shapely.ops as ops from shapely.geometry.polygon import Polygon ...
  • 1,188
28 votes

Transforming Shapely Polygon and MultiPolygon objects

If you're using pyproj2, it's much easier to use a Transformer. Here's an example: import pyproj from shapely.ops import transform project = pyproj.Transformer.from_proj( pyproj.Proj(init='epsg:...
27 votes

Reading postgis geometry with shapely

The default format for PostGIS geometry is hex-encoded WKB (Well-Known Binary). Shapely has the ability to convert this format into shapely geometry object with its wkb module: from shapely import ...
25 votes
Accepted

Returning percentage of area of polygon intersecting another polygon using shapely

Next code: import fiona from shapely.geometry import shape path1 = '/home/zeito/pyqgis_data/polygon1.shp' path2 = '/home/zeito/pyqgis_data/polygon8.shp' polygon1 = fiona.open(path1) polygon8 = ...
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24 votes
Accepted

Dissolving polygons based on attributes with Python (shapely, fiona)?

The question is about Fiona and Shapely and the other answer using GeoPandas requires to also know Pandas. Moreover GeoPandas uses Fiona to read/write shapefiles. I do not question here the utility ...
  • 53.4k
24 votes
Accepted

Converting Polygon to MultiPolygon with Shapely?

You can wrap the polygon in a list and pass that as an argument to the MultiPolygon constructor. Demo: from shapely.geometry.multipolygon import MultiPolygon from shapely import wkt p = wkt.loads(u'...
  • 1,709
23 votes
Accepted

Looking for GeoPandas QGIS equivalent of ArcGIS "Select by location" tool

If poly is a GeoDataFrame with a single geometry, extract this: polygon = poly.geometry[0] Then, you can use the within method to check which points are within the polygon: points.within(polygon) ...
  • 3,688
23 votes

Make shapefile from raster-bounds in Python

With shapely box and GeoPandas import rasterio as rio ra = rio.open("raster.tif") bounds = ra.bounds Convert bounds to shapely geometry from shapely.geometry import box geom = box(*bounds) print(...
  • 53.4k
22 votes
Accepted

Removing small holes from the polygon

You can use the following example script. The script removes all holes from a polygon whose area is greater than eps. from shapely import wkt from shapely.geometry import Polygon # sample polygon ...
21 votes
Accepted

What units are used by GeoPandas/Shapely area and distance functions?

Shapely uses a cartesian plane system for computing geometries (distance = euclidean distance) Shapely does not support coordinate system transformations. All operations on two or more features ...
  • 53.4k
20 votes
Accepted

Shapely coordinate sequence to GeoDataFrame

Make a shapely polygon geometry from coordinate pairs. Pass the polygon to GeoDataFrame constructor as a list. import geopandas as gpd from shapely.geometry import Polygon coords = [(151....
19 votes
Accepted

Returning lat and long of centroid point with GeoPandas

Leaving the rest below, but the main thing was accessing the geometry properly. If iterating over rows, e.g. for index, row in zones.iterrows(): you can simply use row.geometry.centroid.x and row....
19 votes
Accepted

Turning GeoDataFrame of x,y coordinates into Linestrings using GROUPBY?

I think I found an interim solution, which I'm posting in case it's useful for anyone: import pandas as pd import numpy as np from geopandas import GeoDataFrame from shapely.geometry import Point, ...
  • 1,479
19 votes
Accepted

Intersecting two shape problem using geopandas

1) The problem is that the intersection of two polygons is not always a polygon import geopandas as gp poly1 = gp.read_file("poly_origin.shp") poly2 = gp.read_file("poly_test.shp") data = [] for ...
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19 votes
Accepted

Calculate distance from a Point within a Polygon to its edge

Compare the point to the polygon's exterior ring: poly.exterior.distance(point)
  • 8,838
19 votes
Accepted

Plotting Shapely Multipolygon using Matplotlib

Shapely Polygon object has attribute exterior. Shapely MultiPolygon object has Polygon object sequence. You should iterate over those polygons. You can do that using attribute geoms of MultiPolygon. ...
18 votes
Accepted

Converting Shapely MultiPolygon to Polygon: Technique doesn't always work

You need to understand the Shapely binary predicates: 1) If the two polygons intersects the result of union or unary_union (in red) is a Polygon therefore you can computes the exterior 2) If the two ...
  • 53.4k
17 votes
Accepted

Intersecting two shapefiles from Python or command line?

The question is about Shapely and Fiona in pure Python without QGIS ("using command line and/or shapely/fiona"). A solution is from shapely import shape, mapping import fiona # schema of the new ...
  • 53.4k
17 votes
Accepted

Rounding all coordinates in shapely?

Shapely and GEOS cannot reduce precision (floating-point precision problem) but you can use other functions as numpy.round() or round(),with the GeoJSON format. For polygons from shapely.geometry ...
  • 53.4k
17 votes
Accepted

Auto-select suitable UTM Zone based on Grid Intersection

There's the utm package, a bidirectional UTM-WGS84 converter for python. It's able to convert a (latitude, longitude) tuple into an UTM coordinate: import utm utm.from_latlon(51.2, 7.5) >>> (...
16 votes

Rounding all coordinates in shapely?

There are a few instances where @gene's answer does not work. For example, the using the overprecise value -73.92391000000001 geojson = {'type': 'Polygon', 'coordinates': [[[-73.92391, 41.31064], [-...
16 votes

Split lines at points using Shapely

You have many solutions and I use here a simple example 1) the easiest way from shapely.geometry import Point, LineString line = LineString([(1,2),(2,4),(4,5)]) point = Point(2,4) First, you must ...
  • 53.4k
16 votes
Accepted

Drawing ellipse with shapely

Answer First, define a circle of radius 1. Then define an ellipse along x and y axis. Rotate the ellipse. Finally, actually draw the ellipse. Code from matplotlib import pyplot from shapely.geometry....
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15 votes
Accepted

Difference between Crosses & Intersects - Shapely (Python)

From Shapely's doc: intersects() is equivalent to the OR-ing of contains(), crosses(), equals(), touches(), and within(). So there might be some cases where two lines intersect eachother without ...
  • 5,529
15 votes
Accepted

Geopandas Line Polygon Intersection

When comparing geodataframes with geometry operations in Geopandas, the geometries are first matched by index. In the case where there is no matching index (because you only have a single polygon for ...
  • 15.5k
15 votes

Snap points shapefile to line shapefile using shapely

The methodology is called linear referencing and a solution was given by Mike T in Coordinate of the closest point on a line with Shapely. There is also a recipe in the Python Geospatial Analysis ...
  • 53.4k

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